Cefodizime

General

• Type: 3rd generation Cephalosporin
• Dosage Forms: powder for injection
• Dosage Strengths: 0.5g, 1g, 2g
• Routes of Administration: IV, IM
• Common Trade Names: Timecef, Kenicef

Adult Dosing

General

• Standard: 1-2g IM/IV q24h (or divided q12h)
• Severe: 2-4g IM/IV divided q12h
• Max: 4g/day

Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (Pneumonia)

• 1g IM/IV q12h OR 2g q24h

UTI, Uncomplicated

• 1g IM/IV q24h
• Single dose therapy (stat dose) of 1-2g is also used

Gonorrhea

• 0.25-0.5g IM x 1

Pediatric Dosing

General

• Safety in neonates not fully established
• Infants/Children: 50-100mg/kg/day IM/IV divided q12h or q24h
• Max: 4g/day

Special Populations

• Pregnancy: B
• Lactation: Excreted in breast milk; use with caution
• Renal
  • Adult
    • CrCl 10-30: 1g q24h via a loading dose
    • CrCl <10: 0.5g q24h or 1g q48h
    • Hemodialysis: Administer dose after dialysis
  • Pediatric
    • Adjust dosage interval based on degree of renal impairment (similar to adult proportions)
• Hepatic
  • No adjustment necessary

Contraindications

• Allergy to class/drug (Cephalosporins)
• History of anaphylactic shock to Penicillin

Adverse Reactions

Serious

• Anaphylaxis
• Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
• Clostridium difficile
• Pseudomembranous colitis
• Hematologic abnormalities (eosinophilia, rarely leukopenia)

Common

• Diarrhea
• Nausea and Vomiting
• Rash / Pruritus
• Injection site pain/induration
• Transient elevation of liver enzymes (AST/ALT)

Pharmacology

• Half-life: ~4h
• Metabolism: Not metabolized
• Excretion: Urine (largely unchanged)
• Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal; inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis.
• Notes: Has been shown to possess immunomodulating activity (stimulates phagocytic functions of neutrophils and macrophages).

Antibiotic Sensitivities

Group	Organism	Sensitivity
Gram Positive	Strep. Group A, B, C, G	S
	Strep. Pneumoniae	S
	Viridans strep	S
	Strep. anginosus gp	X1
	Enterococcus faecalis	R
	Enterococcus faecium	R
	MSSA	S
	MRSA	R
	CA-MRSA	R
	Staph. Epidermidis	I
	C. jeikeium	R
	L. monocytogenes	R
Gram Negatives	N. gonorrhoeae	S
	N. meningitidis	S
	Moraxella catarrhalis	S
	H. influenzae	S
	E. coli	S
	Klebsiella sp	S
	E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+	R
	E coli/Klebsiella KPC+	R
	Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg	I
	Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos	R
	Serratia sp	I
	Serratia marcescens	I
	Salmonella sp	S
	Shigella sp	S
	Proteus mirabilis	S
	Proteus vulgaris	S
	Providencia sp.	S
	Morganella sp.	S
	Citrobacter freundii	I
	Citrobacter diversus	S
	Citrobacter sp.	I
	Aeromonas sp	S
	Acinetobacter sp.	R
	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	R
	Burkholderia cepacia	R
	Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	R
	Yersinia enterocolitica	S
	Francisella tularensis	X1
	Brucella sp.	X1
	Legionella sp.	R
	Pasteurella multocida	S
	Haemophilus ducreyi	X1
	Vibrio vulnificus	X1
Misc	Chlamydophila sp	R
	Mycoplasm pneumoniae	R
	Rickettsia sp	R
	Mycobacterium avium	R
Anaerobes	Actinomyces	X1
	Bacteroides fragilis	R
	Prevotella melaninogenica	I
	Clostridium difficile	X1
	Clostridium (not difficile)	I
	Fusobacterium necrophorum	S
	Peptostreptococcus sp.	S

Key

• S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
• I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
• R resistant (or not effective clinically)
• S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
• U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
• X1 no data
• X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
• X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
• X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

See Also

• Antibiotics (Main)