Template:Ischemic Stroke Cause

Ischemic stroke causes (87%)

• Thrombotic (80% of ischemic CVA)
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Vasculitis
  • Vertebral and carotid artery dissection
    • Often preceded by yoga, spinal manipulation, coughing, vomiting
  • Polycythemia
  • Hypercoagulable state (oral contraceptives, antiphospholipid antibodies, protein S and C deficiencies, sickle cell anemia)
  • Infection
  • Toxicologic exposure (cocaine, amphetamines, etc.)
• Embolic (20% of ischemic CVA)
  • Valvular vegetations
  • Mural thrombi
  • Arterial-arterial emboli from proximal source (ex. amaurosis fugax -> emboli from a proximal carotid artery plaque embolizes to the ophthalmic artery, causing transient monocular blindness)
  • Fat emboli
  • Septic emboli
• Hypoperfusion
  • Cardiac failure resulting in systemic hypotension
• Cryptogenic
  • Cryptogenic Stroke (CS) is defined as an Ischemic stroke of obscure or unknown origin. Its causes are unknown. It is transitory or reversible.