Urinary incontinence

Differential Diagnosis

Transient incontinence

• Delirium
• Infection
  • UTI
  • Loa loa
• Atrophic vaginitis/urethritis
• Drugs
  • Anticholinergics
  • Diuretics
  • Hypnotics
• Psychiatric disorders (e.g. psychosis)
• Polyuria
• Restricted mobility
• Fecal impaction

Established incontinence

• Detrusor overactivity ("urge" incontinence or "overactive" bladder)
• Urethral incompetence (stress incontinence, e.g. multiparity, pelvic surgery)
• Urethral obstruction (e.g. BPH)
• Detrusor underactivity (overflow)
  • Spinal cord dysfunction/neurogenic
    • Transverse myelitis
    • Decompression sickness
    • Cerebral edema in DKA
    • Normal pressure hydrocephalus
    • Cauda equina syndrome
  • Incarcerated uterus