Hypercalciuria

Background

• Increased excretion of calcium in the urine
  • Typically due to increased intestinal absorption, bone resorption, or kidney damage

Defined as urinary calcium excretion greater than 4 mg/kg per day OR greater than 250 mg/day in women and greater than 300 mg/day in men

Causes

• Idiopathic (most common cause, may be genetic)
• Primary Hyperparathyroidism
• Renal tubular acidosis
• Bone Disease
  • Osteoprosis
  • Paget's Disease
• Malignancy
  • Multiple Myeloma
  • Lymphoma
• Sarcoidosis
• Prolonged immobilization

Differential Diagnosis

• Kidney stones
• Nephrocalcinosis
• Dent's disease
• Hypercalcemia
• Vegan diet
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Vitamin D toxicity