Diferencia entre revisiones de «Aplastic anemia»
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
* | *Absence or decreased number of hematopoietic precursor cells --> pancytopenia ([[anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], neutropenia) | ||
*Causes: | *Causes: | ||
** | **Drug-induced ([[chloramphenicol]], [[carbamazepine]], [[valproic acid]], [[phenytoin]]) | ||
** | **Viral infection ([[parvovirus B19]], [[HIV]], hepatitis), especially in patients with sickle cell disease or immunocompromise | ||
** | **Autoimmune | ||
** | **Congenital (Fanconi anemia) | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
* | *Anemia | ||
** | **Weakness, fatigue, dyspnea | ||
* | *Thrombocytopenia | ||
** | **Mucosal bleeding, petechiae | ||
* | *Neutropenia | ||
** | **Recurrent infections, fever | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
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==Management== | ==Management== | ||
* | *Transfuse PRBCs/platelets as needed for severe anemia/thrombocytopenia | ||
* | *Antimicrobials if febrile and neutropenic | ||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
Revisión del 04:01 13 jul 2016
Background
- Absence or decreased number of hematopoietic precursor cells --> pancytopenia (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia)
- Causes:
- Drug-induced (chloramphenicol, carbamazepine, valproic acid, phenytoin)
- Viral infection (parvovirus B19, HIV, hepatitis), especially in patients with sickle cell disease or immunocompromise
- Autoimmune
- Congenital (Fanconi anemia)
Clinical Features
- Anemia
- Weakness, fatigue, dyspnea
- Thrombocytopenia
- Mucosal bleeding, petechiae
- Neutropenia
- Recurrent infections, fever
Differential Diagnosis
Diagnosis
- CBC: pancytopenia
- Reticulocyte count: reduced or absent
- Peripheral smear
Management
- Transfuse PRBCs/platelets as needed for severe anemia/thrombocytopenia
- Antimicrobials if febrile and neutropenic