Diferencia entre revisiones de «Nitrous oxide toxicity»
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(Add thrombotic events to acute complications) |
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| Línea 13: | Línea 13: | ||
*Tracheal trauma | *Tracheal trauma | ||
*[[Air emboli]] | *[[Air emboli]] | ||
*Thrombotic events (typically in chronic use from homocysteine elevation) | |||
**[[Venous thromboembolism]] | |||
**[[Acute arterial ischemia]] | |||
===Chronic complications=== | ===Chronic complications=== | ||
Revisión del 07:28 5 ago 2025
Background
- Nitrous oxide toxicity is often associated with inhalation of whipped cream or small nitrous oxide cannisters (whippets)
- Nitrous is much more soluble in blood and will quickly diffuse from the blood to a closed space
- Beyond the gaseous effects nitrous oxide mainly disrupts B12 by oxidizing the cobolt ion which irreversibly inhibits methionine synthase[1]
Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Acute complications
- Pneumothorax (induced by forceful inhalation or high-pressure tank siphoning)
- Typanic membrane rupture
- Tracheal trauma
- Air emboli
- Thrombotic events (typically in chronic use from homocysteine elevation)
Chronic complications
- Bone marrow suppression (from long term exposure)
Evaluation
Workup
Diagnosis
Management
Disposition
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Nunn J. Clinical aspects of the interaction between nitrous oxide and vitamin B12. British Joural of Anaesthesia. 1987; 59:3-13