Marine toxins, envenomations, and bites

1. Toxins
   1. Scombroid
   2. Ciguatera
2. Stingers
   1. Stingrays
3. Venomous fish (catfish, zebrafish, scorpion fish, stonefish)
   1. Sea urchins
   2. cone shells
4. Nematocysts
   1. Jellyfish (Cnidaria)
   2. Portuguese man-of-war
   3. Corals
   4. Fire Corals
   5. Sea anemones
   6. Sea wasps
5. Bites
   1. Octopus

Sources

• Auerbach PS. Marine envenomations. N Engl J Med. 1991.