Diferencia entre revisiones de «Hypermagnesemia»

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==Clinical Features==
==Clinical Features==
*Nausea and vomiting
*[[Nausea and vomiting]]
*Loss of reflexes and diaphragmatic paralysis (at very high levels)
*Loss of reflexes and diaphragmatic paralysis (at very high levels)


==Differential Diagnosis==
*[[Renal Failure]]
*[[Lithium]]
*Volume depletion
*[[Rhabdo]]
*IV Mg (goal in PET/eclampsia 5-7 mEq/L)
*Massive PO intake (laxative abusers, accidental Epsom salts)
*Magnesium enemas<ref>Schelling Fatal hypermagnesemia. JR1. Clin Nephrol. 2000 Jan;53(1):61-5.</ref>
==Evaluation==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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| 12-15 || [[Hypotension]], [[heart block]], [[Cardiac Arrest]], death
| 12-15 || [[Hypotension]], [[heart block]], [[Cardiac Arrest]], death
|}
|}
==Differential Diagnosis==
*[[Renal Failure]]
*[[Lithium]]
*Volume depletion
*[[Rhabdo]]
*IV Mg (goal in PET/eclampsia 5-7 mEq/L)
*Massive PO intake (laxative abusers, accidental Epsom salts)
*Magnesium enemas<ref>Schelling Fatal hypermagnesemia. JR1. Clin Nephrol. 2000 Jan;53(1):61-5.</ref>
==Evaluation==
*Magnesium level


==Management==
==Management==
*[[IVF]]
*[[IVF]]
*Furosemide 20-40mg IV
*[[Furosemide]] 20-40mg IV
*CaCl 10% 5-10mL IV or Ca gluconate 10% 15-30mL IV  over 5min
*[[CaCl]] 10% 5-10mL IV or [[Ca gluconate]] 10% 15-30mL IV  over 5min
*Consider HD for Mg >8 or poor renal function
*Consider hemodialysis for Mg >8 or poor renal function


==Disposition==
==Disposition==


==See Also==
==See Also==

Revisión del 06:35 22 may 2017

Background

  • High >3.5
  • Magnesium is an effective calcium channel blocker both extracellularly and intracellularly[1]
  • Intracellular magnesium profoundly blocks several cardiac potassium channels

Clinical Features

Mg Level Signs/Symptoms
2-3 Nausea
3-4 Somnolence
4-8 Loss of DTRs, muscle weakness
8-12 Respiratory depression
12-15 Hypotension, heart block, Cardiac Arrest, death

Differential Diagnosis

  • Renal Failure
  • Lithium
  • Volume depletion
  • Rhabdo
  • IV Mg (goal in PET/eclampsia 5-7 mEq/L)
  • Massive PO intake (laxative abusers, accidental Epsom salts)
  • Magnesium enemas[2]

Evaluation

  • Magnesium level

Management

Disposition

See Also

References

  1. Rizzo MA, Fisher M, Lock JP. Hypermagnesemic pseudocoma. Arch Intern Med. 1993;153(9):1130.
  2. Schelling Fatal hypermagnesemia. JR1. Clin Nephrol. 2000 Jan;53(1):61-5.