Diferencia entre revisiones de «Chloral hydrate»
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*Binds GABA-A receptor | *Binds GABA-A receptor | ||
*Active metabolite trichloroethanol (TCE) | *Active metabolite trichloroethanol (TCE) | ||
*‘Mickey Finn’ most commonly refers to a mixture of ethanol and chloral hydrate, aka a "knockout drink." | |||
==Pharmacokinetics== | ==Pharmacokinetics== | ||
Revisión del 15:31 15 feb 2016
Background
- Sedative-hypnotic used for insomnia
- Binds GABA-A receptor
- Active metabolite trichloroethanol (TCE)
- ‘Mickey Finn’ most commonly refers to a mixture of ethanol and chloral hydrate, aka a "knockout drink."
Pharmacokinetics
- Onset: 30-60 min
- Duration: 4-8 hr
- Half-Life: 5 mins (for chloral hydrate)
- 8-11 hr (active metabolite)
- Metabolism: Hepatic metabolism
- Excretion: Mostly in urine; some feces
- Potential toxic dose
- <6 years old: 50 mg/kg
- Adults: 3-10g
Clinical Features
- Similar to barbiturates and hydrocarbons
- Neuro
- Sedation, ataxia, coma
- GI
- Erosive gastritis, UGIB, strictures
- Hepatitis
- Breath smells like pears
- Renal
- Nephrotixicity, proteinuria
- CV
- Hypotension
- Myocardial depression
- Tachydysrhythmias secondary to catecholamine hypersensitivity: Sinus tachycardia, PVCs, VT, VF, Torsades
- Resp
- Resp depression, airway obstruction (from muscle relaxation)
- Aspiration pneumonitis