Diferencia entre revisiones de «Chloral hydrate»
(chloral pharm) |
(chloral sx) |
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| Línea 16: | Línea 16: | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Similar to barbiturates and hydrocarbons | |||
*Neuro | |||
**Sedation, ataxia, coma | |||
*GI | |||
**Erosive gastritis, UGIB, strictures | |||
**Hepatitis | |||
**Breath smells like pears | |||
*Renal | |||
**Nephrotixicity, proteinuria | |||
*CV | |||
**Hypotension | |||
*MYocardial depression | |||
**Tachydysrhythmias | |||
***Catecholamine hypersensitivity: Sinus tachycardia, PVCs, VT, VF, Torsades | |||
*Resp | |||
**Resp depression, airway obstruction (from muscle relaxation) | |||
**Aspiration pneumonitis | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
Revisión del 15:28 15 feb 2016
Background
- Sedative-hypnotic used for insomnia
- Binds GABA-A receptor
- Active metabolite trichloroethanol (TCE)
Pharmacokinetics
- Onset: 30-60 min
- Duration: 4-8 hr
- Half-Life: 5 mins (for chloral hydrate)
- 8-11 hr (active metabolite)
- Metabolism: Hepatic metabolism
- Excretion: Mostly in urine; some feces
- Potential toxic dose
- <6 years old: 50 mg/kg
- Adults: 3-10g
Clinical Features
- Similar to barbiturates and hydrocarbons
- Neuro
- Sedation, ataxia, coma
- GI
- Erosive gastritis, UGIB, strictures
- Hepatitis
- Breath smells like pears
- Renal
- Nephrotixicity, proteinuria
- CV
- Hypotension
- MYocardial depression
- Tachydysrhythmias
- Catecholamine hypersensitivity: Sinus tachycardia, PVCs, VT, VF, Torsades
- Tachydysrhythmias
- Resp
- Resp depression, airway obstruction (from muscle relaxation)
- Aspiration pneumonitis