Ultrasound (main)

Gallbladder

• GB wall is normally <3-4mm
  • Measure the ant wall with a short-axis view
• CBD
  • Measure from inner to inner
  • Normal is up to 6mm to age 69 (add 1mm per decade thereafter)
• Acalculous cholecystitis
  • GB is >10cm long & >4 cm wide

FAST

• Always point dot to pt Rt (usu at 45 degrees) or @ pt head
• Morrison's Pouch
  • Best seen w/ probe around mid ax to ant ax line (esp w/ pt in trendelenberg)
• Splenorenal
  • Place probe in post ax line

AAA

• Measure outer wall to outer wall from diaphragm to bifurcation
  • Will avoid being fooled by an intramural thrombus
  • Scan in both transverse and longitudinal axes
  • Normal is <3cm

Cardiac

• Normal aortic root is <3.8 cm (parasternal view w/ dot pointing to Lt arm)

IVC

• Measure at IVC/RA junction

IVC	% Collapse during inspiration	CVP
<1.5cm	>50%	0-5
1.5-2.5cm	>50%	5-10
1.5-2.5cm	<50%	10-15
>2.5cm	Little phasicity	15-20

Source

Sonoguide