Diferencia entre revisiones de «Pralidoxime»
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: | *Also known as 2-PAM | ||
*Type: [[Antidote]] | |||
*Dosage Forms: | *Dosage Forms: | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: Protopam | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
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==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C | ||
*[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: | *[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: Unknown | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult - no requirements from manufacturer, but given that it is excreted in the urine dosage reduction is recommended. | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric | ||
*Hepatic Dosing | *Hepatic Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult - no adjustments recommended by manufacturer. | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric | ||
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==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*[[Laryngospasm]] | |||
*Myasthenic crisis in patients with Myasthenia gravis | |||
*Hepatitis | |||
===Common=== | |||
*Blurry vision | |||
*Diplopia | |||
*Nausea | |||
*Tachycardia | *Tachycardia | ||
*Hypertension | *Hypertension | ||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: Apparent: 74 to 77 minutes, IM/IV exposure: 3 to 4 hours | *Half-life: Apparent: 74 to 77 minutes, IM/IV exposure: 3 to 4 hours | ||
*Metabolism: Hepatic | *Metabolism: Hepatic | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: Urine | ||
*Mechanism of Action: Displaces an organophosphate from acetylcholinesterase (if given early before irreversible enzyme binding occurs, aka "aging") | *Mechanism of Action: Displaces an organophosphate from acetylcholinesterase (if given early before irreversible enzyme binding occurs, aka "aging") | ||
==Comments== | ==Comments== | ||
==Indications by Condition== | |||
''The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.'' | |||
{{#ask:[[Has DrugName::Pralidoxime]] | |||
|?Has Indication=Indication | |||
|?Has Dose=Dose | |||
|?Has Context=Context | |||
|?Has Route=Route | |||
|?Has Population=Population | |||
|format=table | |||
|headers=plain | |||
|mainlabel=- | |||
|sort=Has Indication | |||
|limit=50 | |||
}} | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
[[Category:Toxicology]] | |||
Revisión actual - 21:55 20 mar 2026
General
- Also known as 2-PAM
- Type: Antidote
- Dosage Forms:
- Common Trade Names: Protopam
Adult Dosing
Organophosphate toxicity
- 1-2gm IV over 5-10min
- Continuous infusion of 500mg/hr if no initial response
Pediatric Dosing
Organophosphate toxicity
- 20-40mg/kg (up to 1gm) IV over 5-10min
- 5-10mg/kg/hr if no initial response
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: Unknown
- Renal Dosing
- Adult - no requirements from manufacturer, but given that it is excreted in the urine dosage reduction is recommended.
- Pediatric
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult - no adjustments recommended by manufacturer.
- Pediatric
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Laryngospasm
- Myasthenic crisis in patients with Myasthenia gravis
- Hepatitis
Common
- Blurry vision
- Diplopia
- Nausea
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
Pharmacology
- Half-life: Apparent: 74 to 77 minutes, IM/IV exposure: 3 to 4 hours
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Excretion: Urine
- Mechanism of Action: Displaces an organophosphate from acetylcholinesterase (if given early before irreversible enzyme binding occurs, aka "aging")
Comments
Indications by Condition
The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.
| Indication | Dose | Context | Route | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbamate poisoning | 20mg/kg (max 2g) IV over 30min, then 8-10mg/kg/hr (max 650mg/hr) | Only if unknown agent or mixed OP/carbamate exposure | IV | Adult |
| Carbamate toxicity | 1-2 g IV over 15-30 min, then 8-10 mg/kg/hr infusion (or repeat bolus in 1 hr) | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Adult |
| Carbamate toxicity | 20-50 mg/kg IV, then 5-10 mg/kg/hr infusion | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Pediatric |
| Cholinergic crisis | 20mg/kg (max 2g) IV over 30min, then 8-10mg/kg/hr (max 650mg/hr) | Cholinesterase reactivator | IV | Adult |
| Electronic cigarettes | 1-2 g IV over 15-30 min, then 8-10 mg/kg/hr infusion (or repeat bolus in 1 hr) | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Adult |
| Electronic cigarettes | 20-50 mg/kg IV, then 5-10 mg/kg/hr infusion | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Pediatric |
| Nicotine toxicity | 1-2 g IV over 15-30 min, then 8-10 mg/kg/hr infusion (or repeat bolus in 1 hr) | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Adult |
| Nicotine toxicity | 20-50 mg/kg IV, then 5-10 mg/kg/hr infusion | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Pediatric |
| Organophosphate toxicity | 1-2 g over 15-30 min, then 500 mg/hr infusion | Oxime (AChE reactivator) | IV | Adult |
| Organophosphate toxicity | 20-50 mg/kg, then 5-10 mg/kg/hr infusion | Oxime (AChE reactivator) | IV | Pediatric |
| Organophosphate toxicity | 1-2 g IV over 15-30 min, then 8-10 mg/kg/hr infusion (or repeat bolus in 1 hr) | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Adult |
| Organophosphate toxicity | 20-50 mg/kg IV, then 5-10 mg/kg/hr infusion | Cholinergic toxicity (oxime reactivator) | IV | Pediatric |