Diferencia entre revisiones de «Pentobarbital»
(Text replacement - "Category:Drugs" to "Category:Pharmacology") |
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==Administration== | ==Administration== | ||
*Type: Anticonvulsant, Barbiturate | *Type: [[Anticonvulsant]], [[Barbiturate]] | ||
*Routes of Administration: IV, IM | *Routes of Administration: IV, IM | ||
*Common Trade Names: Nembutal | *Common Trade Names: Nembutal | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Procedural sedation: 150- | *[[Procedural sedation]]: 150-200mg IM x1 | ||
**Onset 10-15min IM; duration 1-4h IM | **Onset 10-15min IM; duration 1-4h IM | ||
*Barbiturate coma: 1- | *Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Start: 10- | **Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Taper dose gradually to | **Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Procedural sedation: 2- | *[[Procedural sedation]]: 2-6mg/kg IM x1 | ||
**Max: | **Max: 100mg/dose | ||
**Onset: 10-15min IM, 1min IV; duration: 1-4h IM, 15min IV | **Onset: 10-15min IM, 1min IV; duration: 1-4h IM, 15min IV | ||
*Barbiturate coma: 1- | *Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Start: 10- | **Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Taper dose gradually to | **Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*Pregnancy | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: D | ||
===Renal Dosing=== | ===Renal Dosing=== | ||
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==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
* | *Depressed respiratory function | ||
* | *[[Porphyria]] | ||
* | *Avoid abrupt withdrawal (long-term use) | ||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*respiratory depression | *respiratory depression | ||
*Stevens-Johnson syndrome | *[[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]] | ||
*angioedema | *[[angioedema]] | ||
*lupus erythematosus | *[[lupus]] erythematosus | ||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*somnolence | *somnolence | ||
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Seizure]] | |||
*[[Anticonvulsants]] | |||
*[[Anticonvulsant levels and reloading]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
< | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
Revisión actual - 15:42 8 mar 2021
Administration
- Type: Anticonvulsant, Barbiturate
- Routes of Administration: IV, IM
- Common Trade Names: Nembutal
Adult Dosing
- Procedural sedation: 150-200mg IM x1
- Onset 10-15min IM; duration 1-4h IM
- Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV
- Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV
- Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use
Pediatric Dosing
- Procedural sedation: 2-6mg/kg IM x1
- Max: 100mg/dose
- Onset: 10-15min IM, 1min IV; duration: 1-4h IM, 15min IV
- Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV
- Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV
- Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use
Special Populations
Renal Dosing
- Renal impairment: decrease start dose
Hepatic Dosing
- Hepatic impairment: decrease start dose
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Depressed respiratory function
- Porphyria
- Avoid abrupt withdrawal (long-term use)
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- respiratory depression
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- angioedema
- lupus erythematosus
Common
- somnolence
- agitation
- confusion
- hyperkinesia
- ataxia
- CNS depression
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 15-50 hrs
- Metabolism: CYP450
- Excretion: Urine
Mechanism of Action
alters sensory cortex, cerebellar, and motor activities; produces sedation, hypnosis, and anesthesia