Diferencia entre revisiones de «Gabapentin»
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Revisión actual - 21:55 20 mar 2026
General
- Type: Anticonvulsants; GABA analog
- Dosage Forms: capsule, tablet, oral solution 250mg/5mL
- Common Trade Names: Neurontin, Gralise
Adult Dosing
Partial Seizures
- Adjunctive therapy for partial seizures with or without secondary generalization
- Initial: 300mg PO q8hr
- May increase up to 600mg PO q8hr
Post herpetic neuralgia
- Day 1: 300mg PO qDay
- Day 2: 300mg PO q12hr
- Day 3: 300mg PO q8hr
Muscle Cramps (Off-label)
- 100-300mg PO qHS; may titrate to 300-400mg q8hr PRN
Anxiety (Off-label)
- 300mg PO qHS initially, THEN 300mg PO q8h; may further increase as tolerated
Diabetic Neuropthy (Off-label)
- 900mg/day PO initially; may increase gradually q3Days to 1800-3600mg/day
Neuropathic Pain
- 600mg PO load in ED
- Discharge with 300mg → 900mg per day divided tid (as in post-herpetic neuralgia regimen)
- Discharge with pain specialist follow-up
- Max dosage 3600mg if patient already on gabapentin
- Taper dose > 7 days to discontinue[1]
Pediatric Dosing
Partial seizures
Adjunct for partial seizures with out secondary generalization in patients> 12yo with epilepsy; also adjunctive therapy for partial seizures in patients 3-12 years
- <3 years: Safety and efficacy not established
- 3-12 years (initial dose): 10-15mg/kg/day PO divided q8hr initially; titrate up in 3d to effective maintenance dose
- 3-4 years (maintenance): 40mg/kg/day PO divided q8hr
- 5-12 years (maintenance): 25-35mg/kg/day PO divided q8hr
- >12 years (initial dose): 300mg PO q8h; may increase up to 600mg PO q8h
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation: Enters breast milk; use with caution
- Renal Dosing
- CrCl>60 mL/min: 300-1200mg PO TID
- CrCl 30-60 mL/min: 200-700mg q12hr
- CrCl 15-29 mL/min: 200-700mg qDay
- CrCl<15 mL/min: 100-300mg qDay
- HD: 125-350mg posthemodialysis after each 4h dialysis interval
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult: no modifications
- Pediatric: no modifications
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Depression/suicidality
- SJS
- anaphylaxis
- angioedema
Common
- >10% ataxia, dizziness, fatigue, somnolence
- 1-10% diplopia, nystagmus, tremor, amblyopia, back pain, constipation, depression, dry mouth, dysarthria, dyspepsia, increased appetitie, leukopenia, myalgia, nervousness, peripheral edema, pharyngitis, puritis, rhinitis, vasodilation, weight gain
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 5-7hr
- Metabolism: not metabolized
- Excretion: Renal
- Mechanism of Action: GABA analogue, but has no effect on GABA binding, uptake or degradation; mech for analgesic and anticonvulsant activity unknown
Indications by Condition
The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.
| Indication | Dose | Context | Route | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute pain management | 300 mg PO qhs (starting dose) | Neuropathic pain adjuvant | PO | Adult |
| Ethanol withdrawal | 400 mg PO TID x4 days; or 300 mg PO TID-QID | Outpatient anticonvulsant alternative | PO | Adult |
See Also
References
- ↑ Epocrates. Gabapentin Monograph. https://online.epocrates.com/u/10a1022