Diferencia entre revisiones de «Hypomagnesemia»

(Created page with "==Background== Low! Clinical ==Diagnosis== Symptoms: 1) CNS (depression, vertigo, ataxia, seizures, inc DTR, tetany 2) Anemia 3) Hypotension 4) Hypothermia 5) Dyspha...")
 
(Add MedicationDose entries (magnesium sulfate) with SMW annotations)
 
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==Background==
==Background==
*[[Hypokalemia]], [[Hypocalcemia]] and [[hypophosphatemia]] are often also present


==Clinical Features==
*CNS
**[[Muscle weakness]]
**[[Ataxia]]
**[[Confusion]]
**[[Seizures]]
**[[Coma]]
*GI
**[[Dysphagia]]
*Cardiovascular
**[[CHF]]
**[[Dysrhythmias]]
**[[Hypotension]]
*Miscellaneous
**[[Hypokalemia]]
**[[Hypocalcemia]]
**[[Anemia]]


Low! Clinical
==Differential Diagnosis==
===Causes of hypomagnesemia===
*[[ETOH]]
*[[Malnutrition]]
*[[Cirrhosis]]
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*After [[DKA]]
*GI loss (especially [[diarrhea]])
*Renal wasting
**[[Furosemide]]
**[[Hypophosphatemia]]
*Type 2 [[diabetes mellitus]]<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26696633 Gommers LM, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ, de Baaij JH. Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle? Diabetes. 2016 Jan;65(1):3-13.]</ref>


==Evaluation==
*Magnesium level
*Also check:
**Chemistry
**Phosphate


==Diagnosis==
==Management==
*Serum level >1.7
**No treatment
*Serum level 1.2 - 1.7
**Asymptomatic
***Oral repletion with magnesium oxide 400mg PO
****Magnesium oxide 400mg = 2g of [[MgSO4]]
**Symptomatic (or no POs)
***2g [[MgSO4]] IV over 1 hour
*Serum level <1.2
**4g [[MgSO4]] IV over 2 hours




Symptoms:
==Medication Dosing==
{{MedicationDose
| drug = Magnesium sulfate
| dose = 2g
| route = IV
| context = Serum Mg 1.2-1.7 (symptomatic or no POs)
| indication = Hypomagnesemia
| population = Adult
| notes = Infuse over 1 hour
}}
{{MedicationDose
| drug = Magnesium sulfate
| dose = 4g
| route = IV
| context = Serum Mg <1.2
| indication = Hypomagnesemia
| population = Adult
| notes = Infuse over 2 hours
}}


1) CNS (depression, vertigo, ataxia, seizures, inc DTR, tetany
==Disposition==
 
2) Anemia
 
3) Hypotension
 
4) Hypothermia
 
5) Dysphagia
 
 
==DDX==
 
 
1) ETOH
 
2) poor nutrition
 
3) Cirrhosis
 
4) Pancreatitis
 
5) S/P DKA
 
6) Excessive GI loss
 
 
==Treatment==
 
 
Repleat 2gm IV over 2hrs (universal)
 
 
==Source ==
 
 
2/12/06 DONALDSON (adapted from Tintinalli)


==See Also==
*[[Electrolyte Abnormalities (Main)]]
*[[Magnesium]]


==External Links==


==References==
<references/>


[[Category:FEN]]
[[Category:FEN]]

Revisión actual - 18:23 20 mar 2026

Background

Clinical Features

Differential Diagnosis

Causes of hypomagnesemia

Evaluation

  • Magnesium level
  • Also check:
    • Chemistry
    • Phosphate

Management

  • Serum level >1.7
    • No treatment
  • Serum level 1.2 - 1.7
    • Asymptomatic
      • Oral repletion with magnesium oxide 400mg PO
        • Magnesium oxide 400mg = 2g of MgSO4
    • Symptomatic (or no POs)
  • Serum level <1.2


Medication Dosing

Magnesium sulfate 2g IV — Infuse over 1 hour Magnesium sulfate 4g IV — Infuse over 2 hours

Disposition

See Also

External Links

References

  1. ↑ Gommers LM, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ, de Baaij JH. Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle? Diabetes. 2016 Jan;65(1):3-13.
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