Diferencia entre revisiones de «H1N1 (swine) flu»

Revisión actual - 00:11 26 feb 2017

Background

High-risk groups

Pregnant- increased rates of SAB, preterm labor
Chronic lung disease
Immunosuppressed
Cardiac
Diabetes mellitus

Screening

Individuals with an acute febrile respiratory illness (a measured temperature of 100ºF or higher and recent onset of at least one of the following: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sore throat, or cough) or sepsis-like syndrome.
HIGH PRIORITY for hospitalized patients and those at high-risk for severe disease.

Clinical Features

Differential Diagnosis

Evaluation

Rapid Flu nasal swab 60-80% sensitive in detecting influenza A
- If patient is negative, severely ill and will be hospitalized, send viral culture
PCR is the recommended confirmatory test

Management

Adult: Tamiflu 75-mg capsule twice per day for 5 days
- All hospitalized patients with confirmed, probable or suspected novel influenza (H1N1)
- Patients who are at higher risk for seasonal influenza complications

Most effective when started within 48 hours of illness onset.

Post-exposure chemoprophylaxis

Tamiflu 75mg PO daily x 10 days (10 days after the last known exposure to novel (H1N1) influenza)

If the contact occurred with a patient after 7 days of symptom onset, then chemoprophylaxis is not necessary. This is the presumed post-infectious period.

Disposition

References

Authors:

@@ Línea 1: / Línea 1: @@
-CDC 2009
+==Background==
+===High-risk groups===
+*Pregnant- increased rates of SAB, preterm labor
+*Chronic lung disease
+*Immunosuppressed
+*Cardiac
+*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
--March/April 2009, an outbreak of H1N1 influenza A virus infection was first detected in Mexico.
+===Screening===
+*Individuals with an acute febrile respiratory illness (a measured temperature of 100ºF or higher and recent onset of at least one of the following: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sore throat, or cough) or sepsis-like syndrome.
+*HIGH PRIORITY for hospitalized patients and those at high-risk for severe disease.
--June 11, 2009, WHO raised its pandemic alert level to the highest level, phase 6, indicating widespread community transmission on at least two continents.
+==Clinical Features==
-Age distribution:
+==Differential Diagnosis==
-Oddly infection occurs disproportionately in individuals who are not at the extremes of age.
-Distrubtion ages 5 and 24-years-old.
+==Evaluation==
+*Rapid Flu nasal swab 60-80% sensitive in detecting influenza A
+**If patient is negative, severely ill and will be hospitalized, send viral culture
+*PCR is the recommended confirmatory test
-Few cases and no deaths reported in people older than 64 years old (? previous immunity)
+==Management==
+*Adult: [[Tamiflu]] 75-mg capsule twice per day for 5 days
+**All hospitalized patients with confirmed, probable or suspected novel influenza (H1N1)
+**Patients who are at higher risk for seasonal influenza complications
+''Most effective when started within 48 hours of illness onset.''
-High-risk groups:
+===Post-exposure chemoprophylaxis===
+*[[Tamiflu]] 75mg PO daily x 10 days (10 days after the last known exposure to novel (H1N1) influenza)
-Pregnant- incr rates of SAB, preterm labor
+''If the contact occurred with a patient after 7 days of symptom onset, then chemoprophylaxis is not necessary. This is the presumed post-infectious period.''
-Chronic lung disease
+==Disposition==
-Immunosuppressed
-Cardiac
-DM
-Screening:
-Individuals with an acute febrile respiratory illness (a measured temperature of 100ºF or higher and recent onset of at least one of the following: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sore throat, or cough) or sepsis-like syndrome- HIGH PRIORITY for hospitalized patients and those at high-risk for severe disease.
-Tests:
-Rapid Flu nasal swab 60-80% sensitive in detecting influenza A
-If patient is negative, severely ill and will be hospitalized, send viral culture
-PCR is the recommended confirmatory test
-Treatment:
-* All hospitalized patients with confirmed, probable or suspected novel influenza (H1N1).
-* Patients who are at higher risk for seasonal influenza complications
-Most effective when started within 48 hours of illness onset.
-Adult: 75-mg capsule twice per day for 5 days
-Post-exposure antiviral chemoprophylaxis is recommended for those with close contacts:
-Tamiflu 75mg po daily x 10 days (10 days after the last known exposure to novel (H1N1) influenza.)
-If the contact occurred with a patient after 7 days of symtpom onset, then chemoprophylaxis is not necessary. This is the presumed post-infectious period.
+==See Also==
+*[[Influenza]]
+==References==
+<references/>
 [[Category:ID]]