Diferencia entre revisiones de «Moxifloxacin»

(Created page with "==General== *Type: *Dosage Forms: *Common Trade Names: ==Adult Dosing== ==Pediatric Dosing== ==Special Populations== *Pregnancy: *Lactation: *Renal Dosing **Adult **Pedia...")
 
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==General==
==General==
*Type:  
*Type:[[Is Generation:: 4th generation]] [[Is DrugClass::Fluoroquinolones]]
*Dosage Forms:
*Dosage Forms:
*Common Trade Names:  
*Common Trade Names: Avelox


==Adult Dosing==
==Adult Dosing==
*400mg PO/IV daily
===Indications by Disease===
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Moxifloxacin]] [[Has Population::Adult]]
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|?Has Dose=Dose
|?Has Context=Context
|format=table
|limit=50
|mainlabel=-
|headers=show
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==Pediatric Dosing==
==Pediatric Dosing==
''Safety/efficacy not established''
===Indications by Disease===
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Moxifloxacin]] [[Has Population::Pediatric]]
|?Treats disease=Disease
|?Has Dose=Dose
|?Has Context=Context
|format=table
|limit=50
|mainlabel=-
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==Special Populations==
==Special Populations==
*Pregnancy:
*Pregnancy: C
*Lactation:
*Lactation: Unknown
*Renal Dosing
*Renal Dosing
**Adult
**Adult
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==Adverse Reactions==
==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
===Serious===
*QT prolongation <ref>Hooper DC. Fluoroquinolones. In: UpToDate. Waltham, MA. www.uptodate.com. Accessed March 23, 2020.</ref>
**Amongst fluoroquinolones, the risk of arrhythmia is highest with moxifloxacin


===Common===
===Common===
*GI
**Gastritis <ref>Hooper DC. Fluoroquinolones. In: UpToDate. Waltham, MA. www.uptodate.com. Accessed March 23, 2020.</ref>
**C. difficile associated disease <ref>Hooper DC. Fluoroquinolones. In: UpToDate. Waltham, MA. www.uptodate.com. Accessed March 23, 2020.</ref>


==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
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*Excretion:  
*Excretion:  
*Mechanism of Action:
*Mechanism of Action:
==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>==
*In general, less activity against pseudomonas than [[ciprofloxacin]], but has more activity against MSSA<ref>Culley C et al. Moxifloxacin: Clinical Efficacy and Safety. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2001;58(5). http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/406946_3</ref>
*Compared to levofloxacin, moxifloxacin has greater in vitro activity against strep pneumoniae, staph aureus and some enterococcus strains <ref>Oliphant CM, Green G. Quinolones: A Comprehensive Review. American Family Physician. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/0201/p455.html. Published February 1, 2002. Accessed March 23, 2020.</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Group'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Organism'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Sensitivity'''
|-
| Gram Positive||[[Strep. Group A, B, C, G]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Strep. Pneumoniae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Viridans strep]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||Strep. anginosus gp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecalis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecium]]||I
|-
| ||[[MSSA]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[MRSA]]||I
|-
| ||[[CA-MRSA]]||I
|-
| ||[[Staph. Epidermidis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[C. jeikeium]]||X1
|-
| ||[[L. monocytogenes]]||'''S'''
|-
| Gram Negatives||[[N. gonorrhoeae]]||I
|-
| ||[[N. meningitidis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[H. influenzae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[E. coli]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Klebsiella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+||'''S'''
|-
| ||E coli/Klebsiella KPC+||R
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC neg||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC pos||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Serratia]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||Serratia marcescens||X1
|-
| ||[[Salmonella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Shigella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus mirabilis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus vulgaris]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Providencia sp.]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Morganella sp.]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter freundii]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter diversus]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter sp.]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Aeromonas sp]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Acinetobacter sp.]]||I
|-
| ||[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]||I
|-
| ||[[Burkholderia cepacia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Stenotrophomonas maltophilia]]||I
|-
| ||[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Francisella tularensis]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Brucella sp.]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Legionella sp.]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Pasteurella multocida]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Haemophilus ducreyi]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Vibrio vulnificus]]||X1
|-
| Misc||[[Chlamydophila sp]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Mycoplasm pneumoniae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Rickettsia sp]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Mycobacterium avium]]||X1
|-
| Anaerobes||[[Actinomyces]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Bacteroides fragilis]]||I
|-
| ||[[Prevotella melaninogenica]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Clostridium difficile]]||R
|-
| ||[[Clostridium (not difficile)]]||I
|-
| ||[[Fusobacterium necrophorum]]||I
|-
| ||[[Peptostreptococcus sp.]]||'''S'''
|}
===Key===
{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}}


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Antibiotics (Main)]]
*[[Antibiotics (Main)]]


==Source==
==References==
<references/>


<references/>
[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:ID]]
[[Category:Drugs]]

Revisión actual - 02:38 20 mar 2026

General

Adult Dosing

  • 400mg PO/IV daily


Indications by Disease

DiseaseDoseContext
Bacterial conjunctivitis0.5% ophthalmic 1-2 drops every 2 hours for 2 days THEN every 6 hours for 5 daysBacterial Conjunctivitis, Topical
Corneal abrasion0.5% solution 2 drops every 2 hours for 2 days THEN q6hrs for 5 daysContact Lens
Diverticulitis400mg PO QDailyUncomplicated, Alternative
Peritonitis400 mg IV every 24 hoursPrimary
Pneumonia (main)400 mg dailyOutpatient, Unhealthy
Pneumonia (main)400mg IV/PO once dailyInpatient, CAP Non-ICU
Pneumonia (main)400mg IVICU, Low Risk
Pneumonia (main)400mg IV dailyICU, Risk of Pseudomonas
Urethritis in men400 mg daily x 7 daysRecurrent/Persistent

Pediatric Dosing

Safety/efficacy not established


Indications by Disease

DiseaseDoseContext
Bacterial conjunctivitis0.5% ophthalmic 1 drop TID x 7 daysPediatric (>1yr)
Corneal abrasion0.5% ophthalmic solution 1-2 drops QID x 5 daysPediatric (>1yr)

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: C
  • Lactation: Unknown
  • Renal Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric
  • Hepatic Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

  • QT prolongation [1]
    • Amongst fluoroquinolones, the risk of arrhythmia is highest with moxifloxacin

Common

  • GI
    • Gastritis [2]
    • C. difficile associated disease [3]

Pharmacology

  • Half-life:
  • Metabolism:
  • Excretion:
  • Mechanism of Action:

Antibiotic Sensitivities[4]

  • In general, less activity against pseudomonas than ciprofloxacin, but has more activity against MSSA[5]
  • Compared to levofloxacin, moxifloxacin has greater in vitro activity against strep pneumoniae, staph aureus and some enterococcus strains [6]
Group Organism Sensitivity
Gram Positive Strep. Group A, B, C, G S
Strep. Pneumoniae S
Viridans strep S
Strep. anginosus gp S
Enterococcus faecalis S
Enterococcus faecium I
MSSA S
MRSA I
CA-MRSA I
Staph. Epidermidis S
C. jeikeium X1
L. monocytogenes S
Gram Negatives N. gonorrhoeae I
N. meningitidis S
Moraxella catarrhalis S
H. influenzae S
E. coli S
Klebsiella sp S
E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+ S
E coli/Klebsiella KPC+ R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg S
Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos S
Serratia sp S
Serratia marcescens X1
Salmonella sp S
Shigella sp S
Proteus mirabilis S
Proteus vulgaris S
Providencia sp. S
Morganella sp. S
Citrobacter freundii S
Citrobacter diversus S
Citrobacter sp. S
Aeromonas sp S
Acinetobacter sp. I
Pseudomonas aeruginosa I
Burkholderia cepacia R
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia I
Yersinia enterocolitica S
Francisella tularensis X1
Brucella sp. X1
Legionella sp. S
Pasteurella multocida S
Haemophilus ducreyi X1
Vibrio vulnificus X1
Misc Chlamydophila sp S
Mycoplasm pneumoniae S
Rickettsia sp X1
Mycobacterium avium X1
Anaerobes Actinomyces S
Bacteroides fragilis I
Prevotella melaninogenica S
Clostridium difficile R
Clostridium (not difficile) I
Fusobacterium necrophorum I
Peptostreptococcus sp. S

Key

  • S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
  • I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
  • R resistant (or not effective clinically)
  • S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
  • U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
  • X1 no data
  • X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
  • X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
  • X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Hooper DC. Fluoroquinolones. In: UpToDate. Waltham, MA. www.uptodate.com. Accessed March 23, 2020.
  2. ↑ Hooper DC. Fluoroquinolones. In: UpToDate. Waltham, MA. www.uptodate.com. Accessed March 23, 2020.
  3. ↑ Hooper DC. Fluoroquinolones. In: UpToDate. Waltham, MA. www.uptodate.com. Accessed March 23, 2020.
  4. ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014
  5. ↑ Culley C et al. Moxifloxacin: Clinical Efficacy and Safety. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2001;58(5). http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/406946_3
  6. ↑ Oliphant CM, Green G. Quinolones: A Comprehensive Review. American Family Physician. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/0201/p455.html. Published February 1, 2002. Accessed March 23, 2020.
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