Diferencia entre revisiones de «Erythema toxicum neonatorum»

Revisión actual - 01:26 21 mar 2026

Background

Normal dermal anatomy.

Most common benign rash of newborns, occurring in ~50% of full-term neonates
Self-limited condition lasting ~1-2 weeks
Etiology unclear; thought to be related to activation of the innate immune system at hair follicles
Onset typically 24-72 hours after birth, but can appear up to 2 weeks of age
Incidence declines with decreasing gestational age (rare in preterm infants)

Clinical Features

Erythema toxicum

Erythematous macules, papules, and pustules on a blotchy erythematous base
Distribution: face, trunk, proximal extremities
Spares palms and soles (key distinguishing feature)
Lesions are evanescent — appear, fade, and reappear in different locations over hours to days
Infant is well-appearing, afebrile, feeding normally

Differential Diagnosis

Neonatal Rashes

Acne
Atopic dermatitis
Candidiasis
Contact dermatitis
Diaper dermatitis
Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Impetigo
Mastitis
Milia
Miliaria
Mongolian spots
Omphalitis
Perianal streptococcal dermatitis
Psoriasis
Pustular melanosis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Sucking blisters
Tinea capitis
Key differentials to consider:
- Neonatal HSV: clustered vesicles, ill-appearing infant, fever
- Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome: widespread erythema, skin tenderness, desquamation
- Transient neonatal pustular melanosis: pustules on non-erythematous base, present at birth

Evaluation

Clinical diagnosis in a well-appearing neonate
If diagnosis uncertain: Wright stain of pustule contents shows eosinophils (pathognomonic)
No labs, cultures, or imaging needed if classic presentation

Management

No treatment necessary — reassurance to parents
Resolves spontaneously within 1-2 weeks without sequelae

Disposition

Discharge with parental reassurance
No follow-up needed unless atypical features

References

Authors:

@@ Línea 1: / Línea 1: @@
 ==Background==
-*Benign, self-limited (1wk) rash that occurs in 50% of newborns
+{{Skin anatomy background images}}
+*Most common benign rash of newborns, occurring in ~50% of full-term neonates
+*Self-limited condition lasting ~1-2 weeks
+*Etiology unclear; thought to be related to activation of the innate immune system at hair follicles
+*Onset typically 24-72 hours after birth, but can appear up to 2 weeks of age
+*Incidence declines with decreasing gestational age (rare in preterm infants)
-==Diagnosis==
+==Clinical Features==
-*Erythematous macules develop on face, trunk, extremities
+[[File:Erythema toxcium.png|thumb|Erythema toxicum]]
+*Erythematous [[rash|macules]], papules, and pustules on a blotchy erythematous base
+*Distribution: face, trunk, proximal extremities
+*'''Spares palms and soles''' (key distinguishing feature)
+*Lesions are evanescent — appear, fade, and reappear in different locations over hours to days
+*Infant is well-appearing, afebrile, feeding normally
 ==Differential Diagnosis==
 {{Neonatal rashes DDX}}
+*'''Key differentials to consider:'''
+**Neonatal [[herpes simplex virus|HSV]]: clustered vesicles, ill-appearing infant, fever
+**[[Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome]]: widespread erythema, skin tenderness, desquamation
+**Transient neonatal pustular melanosis: pustules on non-erythematous base, present at birth
+==Evaluation==
+*Clinical diagnosis in a well-appearing neonate
+*If diagnosis uncertain: Wright stain of pustule contents shows '''eosinophils''' (pathognomonic)
+*No labs, cultures, or imaging needed if classic presentation
 ==Management==
-*No treatment necessary
+*No treatment necessary — reassurance to parents
+*Resolves spontaneously within 1-2 weeks without sequelae
+==Disposition==
+*Discharge with parental reassurance
+*No follow-up needed unless atypical features
 ==See Also==
-*[[Neonatal Rashes]]
+*[[Neonatal rashes]]
+*[[Transient neonatal pustular melanosis]]
+==References==
+<references/>
 [[Category:Dermatology]]
-[[Category:Peds]]
+[[Category:Pediatrics]]