Diferencia entre revisiones de «Airbag injuries»
Sin resumen de edición |
Sin resumen de edición |
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
Airbag deployment can cause | *Airbag deployment can cause injury via multiple mechanisms, such as: | ||
**Caustic injuries from aerosolized alkali (including sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate) | |||
**Blunt trauma from direct contact with airbag | |||
**Rapid deceleration and associated flexion and/or hyperextension injuries | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
===Burns=== | ===[[Burns]]=== | ||
* Usually minor | *Usually minor | ||
* Related to direct contact with skin or heat from melted clothing | *Related to direct contact with skin or heat from melted clothing | ||
*Deployment releases small amount of alkali | *Deployment releases small amount of alkali | ||
**Skin burns are usually minor | **Skin burns are usually minor | ||
**Ocular burns require irrigation, pH testing and | **Ocular burns require irrigation, pH testing and ophtho follow up | ||
**Long-term sequelae are rare | |||
===Ocular Injuries=== | ===Ocular Injuries=== | ||
| Línea 15: | Línea 19: | ||
*Chemical keratitis | *Chemical keratitis | ||
*[[Corneal Abrasion]] | *[[Corneal Abrasion]] | ||
===Cervical and Thoracic Spine Injuries=== | |||
*see [[Cervical spine fractures and dislocations]] | |||
*see [[Thoracic trauma]] | |||
===[[Myocardial rupture]]=== | |||
*Uncommon complication | |||
*Can exist with barotrauma alone with the absence of rib fractures<ref>Lancaster GI, et al. Air-bag-associated rupture of the right atrium. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328:358.</ref> | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
{{Caustic burn types}} | |||
==Workup== | ==Workup== | ||
*Depends on location/type of suspected injury | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
* Skin: basic burn care | *[[Caustic burns|Skin]]: basic burn care | ||
* Eye: copious irrigation, pH testing, ophthalmology consult | *[[Caustic keratoconjunctivitis|Eye]]: copious irrigation, pH testing, ophthalmology consult | ||
**Consider conservative management with antibiotics, and a short course of steroids<ref>Brodovsky SC, et al: Management of alkali burns: An 11-year retrospective review. Ophthalmology. 2000; 107:1829-1835.</ref> | |||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Depends on type and severity of injury | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Caustic | *[[Caustic keratoconjunctivitis]] | ||
*[[Burns]] | *[[Burns]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Caustic burns]] | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:EMS]] | |||
[[Category:Trauma]] | [[Category:Trauma]] | ||
Revisión actual - 18:57 3 jul 2017
Background
- Airbag deployment can cause injury via multiple mechanisms, such as:
- Caustic injuries from aerosolized alkali (including sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate)
- Blunt trauma from direct contact with airbag
- Rapid deceleration and associated flexion and/or hyperextension injuries
Clinical Features
Burns
- Usually minor
- Related to direct contact with skin or heat from melted clothing
- Deployment releases small amount of alkali
- Skin burns are usually minor
- Ocular burns require irrigation, pH testing and ophtho follow up
- Long-term sequelae are rare
Ocular Injuries
- Chemical keratitis
- Corneal Abrasion
Cervical and Thoracic Spine Injuries
Myocardial rupture
- Uncommon complication
- Can exist with barotrauma alone with the absence of rib fractures[1]
Differential Diagnosis
Caustic Burns
- Caustic ingestion
- Caustic eye exposure (Caustic keratoconjunctivitis)
- Caustic dermal burn
- Airbag-related burns
- Hydrofluoric acid
- Tar burn
- Cement burn
Workup
- Depends on location/type of suspected injury
Management
- Skin: basic burn care
- Eye: copious irrigation, pH testing, ophthalmology consult
- Consider conservative management with antibiotics, and a short course of steroids[2]
Disposition
- Depends on type and severity of injury