Diferencia entre revisiones de «Aplastic anemia»
(Text replacement - "==Diagnosis==" to "==Evaluation==") |
(Text replacement - "-->" to "→") |
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| Línea 1: | Línea 1: | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Absence or decreased number of hematopoietic precursor cells | *Absence or decreased number of hematopoietic precursor cells → pancytopenia ([[anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], neutropenia) | ||
*Causes: | *Causes: | ||
**Drug-induced ([[chloramphenicol]], [[carbamazepine]], [[valproic acid]], [[phenytoin]]) | **Drug-induced ([[chloramphenicol]], [[carbamazepine]], [[valproic acid]], [[phenytoin]]) | ||
Revisión del 17:04 8 feb 2017
Background
- Absence or decreased number of hematopoietic precursor cells → pancytopenia (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia)
- Causes:
- Drug-induced (chloramphenicol, carbamazepine, valproic acid, phenytoin)
- Viral infection (parvovirus B19, HIV, hepatitis), especially in patients with sickle cell disease or immunocompromise
- Autoimmune
- Congenital (Fanconi anemia)
Clinical Features
- Anemia
- Weakness, fatigue, dyspnea
- Thrombocytopenia
- Mucosal bleeding, petechiae
- Neutropenia
- Recurrent infections, fever
Differential Diagnosis
Evaluation
- CBC: pancytopenia
- Reticulocyte count: reduced or absent
- Peripheral smear
Management
- Transfuse PRBCs/platelets as needed for severe anemia/thrombocytopenia
- Antimicrobials if febrile and neutropenic