Pellagra - Revision history

Rossdonaldson1: /* Clinical Features */

2023-04-26T21:20:39Z

Clinical Features

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 21:20 26 abr 2023
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	[[File:PMC3542555 1940-0640-7-12-1.png\|thumb\|Pellagra rash that could be confused for sunburn.]]		[[File:PMC3542555 1940-0640-7-12-1.png\|thumb\|Pellagra rash that could be confused for sunburn.]]
	''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''		''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''
	*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.		*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for [[sunburn]].
	**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair and hence the desquamation, keratosis and erythema is most common in sun-exposed skin		**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair and hence the desquamation, keratosis and erythema is most common in sun-exposed skin
	**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.		**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.

Rossdonaldson1: /* Clinical Features */

2023-04-26T21:19:58Z

Clinical Features

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 21:19 26 abr 2023
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	[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]		[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]
	[[File:PHIL 3757 lores.jpg\|thumb\|Boy with classic pellagra rash.]]		[[File:PHIL 3757 lores.jpg\|thumb\|Boy with classic pellagra rash.]]
			[[File:PMC3542555 1940-0640-7-12-1.png\|thumb\|Pellagra rash that could be confused for sunburn.]]
	''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''		''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''
	*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.		*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.

Rossdonaldson1: /* Clinical Features */

2020-09-10T17:47:46Z

Clinical Features

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 17:47 10 sep 2020
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	[[File:Pellagra2.jpg\|thumb\|Dermatologic features of pellagra including peeling, redness, scaling, and thickening of sun-exposed areas.]]		[[File:Pellagra2.jpg\|thumb\|Dermatologic features of pellagra including peeling, redness, scaling, and thickening of sun-exposed areas.]]
	[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]		[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]
			[[File:PHIL 3757 lores.jpg\|thumb\|Boy with classic pellagra rash.]]
	''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''		''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''
	*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.		*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.

Rossdonaldson1: /* Clinical Features */

2020-09-10T17:46:01Z

Clinical Features

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 17:46 10 sep 2020
Línea 24:		Línea 24:

	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==
			[[File:Pellagra2.jpg\|thumb\|Dermatologic features of pellagra including peeling, redness, scaling, and thickening of sun-exposed areas.]]
	[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]		[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]
	''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''		''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''

Alexgrohmann: /* Clinical Features */

2020-02-23T17:42:34Z

Clinical Features

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 17:42 23 feb 2020
Línea 27:		Línea 27:
	''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''		''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''
	*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.		*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.
	**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair		**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair and hence the desquamation, keratosis and erythema is most common in sun-exposed skin
	**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.		**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.
	*GI symptoms		*GI symptoms

ClaireLewis at 01:01, 28 September 2019

2019-09-28T01:01:28Z

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 01:01 28 sep 2019
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	==Background==		==Background==
	*Pellagra is the deficiency of Niacin (Vitamin B3).		*Pellagra is the deficiency of Niacin (Vitamin B3).
	*Niacin is an important factor for the production of NADH and NADPH, which are important for redox reactions.		*[[Niacin]] is an important factor for the production of NADH and NADPH, which are important for redox reactions.
	**Deficiency therefore affects tissues with high turnover, including skin, GI tract and brain		**Deficiency therefore affects tissues with high turnover, including skin, GI tract and brain
	*Niacin is either consumed in the diet or converted from tryptophan by the hepatic kynurenine pathway in the liver.		*Niacin is either consumed in the diet or converted from tryptophan by the hepatic kynurenine pathway in the liver.
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	===Drugs that inhibit niacin production===		===Drugs that inhibit niacin production===
	*Azathioprine		*[[Azathioprine]]
	*Chloramphenicol		*[[Chloramphenicol]]
	*Ethionamide		*Ethionamide
	*5-Fluorouracil		*5-Fluorouracil
	*Isoniazid		*[[Isoniazid]]
	*6mercaptopurine		*6mercaptopurine
	*Pyrazinamide		*[[Pyrazinamide]]

	===Conditions that decrease niacin GI absoprtion===		===Conditions that decrease niacin GI absoprtion===
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	*[[Ulcerative colitis]]		*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
	*[[Cirrhosis]]		*[[Cirrhosis]]
	*Gastrectomy patients		*[[Weight loss surgery complications\|Gastrectomy]] patients

	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==
	[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]		[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]
	''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''		''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''
	*Skin photosensitivity and rash. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.		*Skin photosensitivity and [[rash]]. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.
	**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair		**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair
	**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.		**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.
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	**secondary to decreased cell turnover		**secondary to decreased cell turnover
	*Neurological symptoms		*Neurological symptoms
	**"Pellagra encephalopathy," depression, anxiety, altered mental status, hallucinations, delusions, affective disorders, cognitive dysfunction.		**"Pellagra [[encephalopathy]]," [[depression]], [[anxiety]], [[altered mental status]], [[hallucinations]], delusions, affective disorders, cognitive dysfunction.

	*Niacin deficiency is often associated with chronic alcohol use secondary to nutritional deficiency and malabsorption.		*Niacin deficiency is often associated with chronic [[alcohol]] use secondary to nutritional deficiency and malabsorption.

	==Differential Diagnosis==		==Differential Diagnosis==
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	==Management==		==Management==
	Niacin supplementation.		*[[Niacin]] supplementation.

	==Disposition==		==Disposition==
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	[[Category:Dermatology]]		[[Category:Dermatology]]
			[[Category:FEN]]

Neil.m.young: Text replacement - "==Diagnosis==" to "==Evaluation=="

2016-07-24T10:03:35Z

Text replacement - "==Diagnosis==" to "==Evaluation=="

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 10:03 24 jul 2016
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	{{Vitamin deficiencies DDX}}		{{Vitamin deficiencies DDX}}

	==~~Diagnosis~~==		==Evaluation==

	==Management==		==Management==

Neil.m.young: Text replacement - "# " to "#"

2016-07-07T00:36:54Z

Text replacement - "# " to "#"

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 00:36 7 jul 2016
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	==References==		==References==
	# Badaway, Abdulla. “Pellagra and Alcoholism: a biochemical perspective.” Alcohol and alcoholism 2014; vol 49, No 3, pages 238-250		#Badaway, Abdulla. “Pellagra and Alcoholism: a biochemical perspective.” Alcohol and alcoholism 2014; vol 49, No 3, pages 238-250
	# Lopez, Marta, et al. “Pellagra Encephalopathy in the context of alcoholism: review and case report.” Alcohol and alcoholism. Vol 49. No 1. pages 38-41. 2014.		#Lopez, Marta, et al. “Pellagra Encephalopathy in the context of alcoholism: review and case report.” Alcohol and alcoholism. Vol 49. No 1. pages 38-41. 2014.

	<references/>		<references/>

	[[Category:Dermatology]]		[[Category:Dermatology]]

Neil.m.young: Text replacement - "* " to "*"

2016-07-04T12:04:22Z

Text replacement - "* " to "*"

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 12:04 4 jul 2016
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	[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]		[[File:Casal's_necklace.png\|thumb\|Casal's Necklace in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra.]]
	''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''		''Niacin deficiency classically causes the 4 D's: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia and Death.''
	* Skin photosensitivity and rash. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.		*Skin photosensitivity and rash. Erythematous and scaly. May be mistaken for sunburn.
	**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair		**secondary to UV damage and decreased repair
	**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.		**"Casal's Necklace." Reddish rash surrounding the neck, and on the hands and feet. This is a photosensitivity rash in the exposed areas of the neck. Originally described by Gaspar Casal in 1735.

Rossdonaldson1: /* Differential Diagnosis */

2016-04-08T04:46:50Z

Differential Diagnosis

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 04:46 8 abr 2016
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	==Differential Diagnosis==		==Differential Diagnosis==
	{{Generalized rash DDX}}		{{Generalized rash DDX}}

			{{Vitamin deficiencies DDX}}

	==Diagnosis==		==Diagnosis==