Arteriovenous malformation (CNS) - Revision history

ClaireLewis: /* Evaluation */

2019-10-02T22:43:32Z

Evaluation

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 22:43 2 oct 2019
Línea 27:		Línea 27:
	*[[head CT\|CT]]/CTA		*[[head CT\|CT]]/CTA
	**CT delineates acute hemorrhage, CTA to show abnormal vasculature		**CT delineates acute hemorrhage, CTA to show abnormal vasculature
	*[[~~brian~~ MRI\|MRI]]/MRA		*[[brain MRI\|MRI]]/MRA
	**Vessels appear as abnormal flow voids		**Vessels appear as abnormal flow voids
	**Both better than CT for visualizing structures in relation to AVM		**Both better than CT for visualizing structures in relation to AVM

ClaireLewis: /* Evaluation */

2019-10-02T22:43:19Z

Evaluation

← Revisión anterior		Revisión del 22:43 2 oct 2019
Línea 27:		Línea 27:
	*[[head CT\|CT]]/CTA		*[[head CT\|CT]]/CTA
	**CT delineates acute hemorrhage, CTA to show abnormal vasculature		**CT delineates acute hemorrhage, CTA to show abnormal vasculature
	*MRI/MRA		*[[brian MRI\|MRI]]/MRA
	**Vessels appear as abnormal flow voids		**Vessels appear as abnormal flow voids
	**Both better than CT for visualizing structures in relation to AVM		**Both better than CT for visualizing structures in relation to AVM

ClaireLewis: Created page with "==Background== *Focal abnormal conglomerations of dilated arteries and veins in the brain parenchyma **Arterial blood flows directly into draining veins without capillary beds..."

2019-10-01T23:01:55Z

Created page with "==Background== *Focal abnormal conglomerations of dilated arteries and veins in the brain parenchyma **Arterial blood flows directly into draining veins without capillary beds..."

Página nueva

==Background==
*Focal abnormal conglomerations of dilated arteries and veins in the brain parenchyma
**Arterial blood flows directly into draining veins without capillary beds creating high pressure channels
**May rupture, causing intracerebral hemorrhage +/- intraventricular hemorrhage. Mechanism of rupture incompletely understood.
*Prevalence 0.14%
*Congenital lesions
**Majority are sporadic, not familial
**Associated with Osler- Weber-Rendu disease and Sturge-Weber syndrome
*Lifelong risk of bleeding
**2-4% per year, cumulative

==Clinical Features==
*[[ICH|Hemorrhage]] (most common)
**42-72% of clinically apparent AVMs
**Usually by age 20-49
*[[Seizures]]
*Ischemia (by vascular steal – rare)
*[[Headaches]]

==Differential Diagnosis==
*Venous angioma
*Cavernous malformation
*Capillary telangiectasia
{{Intracranial mass DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*[[head CT|CT]]/CTA
**CT delineates acute hemorrhage, CTA to show abnormal vasculature
*MRI/MRA
**Vessels appear as abnormal flow voids
**Both better than CT for visualizing structures in relation to AVM
*Angiography
**Gold standard to evaluate the architecture including arterial feeding, venous drainage, and AVM-associated aneurysms

==Management==
*Surgical Resection
**Traditionally treatment of choice
*Radiosurgery (Gamma Knife or CyberKnife)
*Embolization (usually an adjunct treatment)
*Combination of above three in some cases
**Decision is based on AVM size, location, and patient factors

==Disposition==
*In cases of acute hemorrhage or neurological decline, obvious need for immediate neurosurgical consultation
*If patient presents with headache or seizure and lesion is then found, may simply warrant outpatient neurosurgical evaluation

==See Also==
*[[ICH]]

==External Links==

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Vascular]]