Ver el código de «Thromboangiitis obliterans»

==Background==
*Also known as "Buerger's disease"
*Idiopathic inflammatory occlusive disease of the hands and feet (exact pathogenesis unknown)

===Risk factors===
*Tobacco use
**Virtually all affected patients are smokers
*Male
*Middle Eastern

{{Primary Vasculitis DDX}}

==Clinical Features==
[[File:PMC3371931 ircmj-13-420-g001.png|thumb|Thromboangiitis obliterans of foot]]
[[File:PMC5024906 AJUM-14-18-g002.png|thumb]]
*Red, tender nodules over peripheral arteries
**May have diminished pulses
*In-step claudication
*Hand claudication
**Often bilateral and symmetrical 
**May lead to ulceration
*Raynaud phenomenon
*Gangrene and autoamputation of digits in severe disease

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Blue digit DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*Clinical criteria for diagnosis (noninvasive testing not necessary)
**History of smoking
**Onset prior to <50 years old
**Absence of atherosclerotic risk factors
**Upper limb involvement
**Infrapopliteal arterial occlusive lesions

==Management==
*Abstinence from tobacco
*Early symptoms with out threatened tissue loss: outpatient vascular 
*Advanced disease: intra-arterial or intravenous PGE1, [[ASA]], [[Heparin]], arterial reconstruction, sympathectomy

==Disposition==
*Discharge with vascular follow-up if no evidence/threat of tissue loss
*Otherwise admit

==See Also==
*[[Peripheral artery disease]]

==External Links==

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Vascular]]