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===ACL Injury===
*Hearing/feeling a "pop" during injury with ensuing knee instability is pathognomonic
*Lever Sign or Lelli’s test (highest sensitivity at 94<ref>Deveci A, Cankaya D, Yilmaz S, Özdemir G, Arslantaş E, Bozkurt M. The arthroscopical and radiological correlation of lever sign test for the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament rupture. SpringerPlus. 2015; 4:830. doi:10.1186/s40064-015-1628-9.</ref>-100%<ref>Lelli A, Di Turi RP, Spenciner DB, et al. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2016; 24:2794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-014-3490-7</ref>). Demonstrated to be effective and 100% sensitive in a small ED study, especially compared to traditional methods<ref>Mcquivey, K. S., Christopher, Z. K., Chung, A. S., Makovicka, J., Guettler, J., & Levasseur, K. (2019). Implementing the Lever Sign in the Emergency Department: Does it Assist in Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture Diagnosis? A Pilot Study. The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 57(6), 805–811. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.09.003</ref>.
**Place a fist under the proximal third of the calf, opposite from tibial tuberosity
**Apply moderate force to the anterior quadriceps
**Heel should raise off table if there is not a complete rupture of ACL
[[File:Lever test.PNG|thumb|Lever Test]]
*Anterior Drawer Sign
**Pt supine, knee flexed 90', attempt to displace tibia from femur in a forward direction
**Displacement of >6mm compared w/ opposite knee indicates injury
*Lachman Test
**Pt supine, knee flexed 30', femur held w/ one hand, prox tibia pulled up w/ other hand
**Displacement >5mm or soft end-point indicates injury
*Pivot Shift Test
*[[Segond Fracture]]
**Pathognomonic for ACL tear but rare