Ver el código de «Respiratory distress syndrome»

==Background==
*AKA hyaline membrane disease, infantile respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn, or RDS
*Due to surfactant deficiency in infants delivered prematurely 
**60% chance of developing RDS if delivered <29wks gestation, 10% of preemies overall, rare in full term infants<ref>https://www.thoracic.org/patients/patient-resources/breathing-in-america/resources/chapter-19-respiratory-distress-syndr.pdf</ref>
*Onset rapid upon delivery


==Clinical Features==
*Grunting, retractions, [[hypoxia]], cyanosis, or other signs of [[respiratory distress]] in a recently delivered premature infant


==Differential Diagnosis==
*[[Meconium aspiration syndrome]]
*[[Transient tachypnea of the newborn]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Congenital heart disease]]
*Persistent [[pulmonary hypertension]] of the newborn
*[[Pneumothorax]]
*Anatomical malformation (e.g. congenital diaphragmatic hernia)
*[[Anemia]], [[polycythemia]]
*Upper airway obstruction

==Evaluation==
*Evaluate for other causes of respiratory distress (e.g. [[pneumonia (peds)|pneumonia]], [[congenital heart disease]], etc.)
*[[CXR]]: homogenous opaque infiltrates, air bronchograms, decreased lung volumes<ref>Kurl S, Heinonen KM, Kiekara O. The first chest radiograph in neonates exhibiting respiratory distress at birth. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1997:285–9</ref>

==Management==
*See [[newborn resuscitation]] for general management of distressed newborn
*Surfactant replacement (e.g. Servanta) given endotracheally
*Prevented by prenatal [[corticosteroids]] between 24-34wks gestation in cases where high risk of preterm delivery<ref>https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1001/p987.html</ref>

==Disposition==
*Admit

==See Also==
*[[Newborn resuscitation]]

==External Links==


==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Pediatrics]] [[Category:Critical Care]]