Ver el código de «Loperamide»

==Administration==
*Type: Anti-diarrheal, [[opioid]]
*Dosage Forms: 1mg, 2mg; 1/5 mL
*Routes of Administration: PO
*Common Trade Names: Imodium, Diamode, Imodium A-D, Imodium A-D EZ Chews, Imodium A-D New Formula, Kao-Paverin, Kaopectate 1-D

==Adult Dosing==
===Acute Diarrhea===
*2mg PO per dose
**Start: 4mg PO x1, then 2mg PO after each loose stool; Max: 16mg/day

===Chronic Diarrhea===
*4-8mg/day PO divided QD-tid
**Start: 4mg PO x1, then 2mg PO after each loose stool until maint. dose established; Max: 16mg/day

==Pediatric Dosing==
===Acute diarrhea===
*2-5 yo, 13-20 kg
**Dose: 1mg PO x1 after each loose stool
***Max: 3mg/day
***Use OTC 1mg/5 sol or 1mg/7.5 mL susp
*6-8 yo, 20-30 kg
**Dose: start 2mg PO x1, then 1mg PO after each loose stool
***Max: 4mg/day
*8-11 yo, 30-40 kg
**Dose: start 2mg PO x1, then 1mg PO after each loose stool
***Max: 6mg/day
*12 yo and older
**Dose: start 4mg PO x1, then 2mg PO after each loose stool
***Max: 8mg/day

===Chronic diarrhea===
*0.08-0.24mg/kg/day PO divided bid-tid
**Max: 2mg/dose

==Special Populations==
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: B
*[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: Probably safe

===Renal Dosing===
*Adult:

===Hepatic Dosing===
*Adult/Pediatric: Reduced first-pass metabolism
**CNS toxicity

==Contraindications==
*Allergy to class/drug

If given with:
*potassium acid phosphate
*potassium chloride
*potassium citrate
*potassium phosphate

==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
*[[Loperamide toxicity]]
*[[toxic megacolon]]
*paralytic ileus
*[[angioedema]]
*[[anaphylaxis]]/anaphylactoid reaction
*[[toxic epidermal necrolysis]]
*[[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]]
*[[erythema multiforme]]
*[[urinary retention]]
*[[heat stroke]]

===Common===
*[[constipation]]
*[[nausea]]
*[[abdominal cramps]]
*[[dizziness]]

==Pharmacology==
*Half-life: Half-life: 10.8h
*Metabolism: liver; CYP450: 2C8, 3A4 substrate; Info: P-gp substrate; 40% systemic absorption
*Excretion: feces 30%, urine <2%

==Mechanism of Action==
*binds gut wall opioid receptor, inhibiting peristalsis; increases anal sphinctor tone

==Comments==

==See Also==
*[[Loperamide toxicity]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:GI]]
*[https://online.epocrates.com/drugs/181310/Imodium/Monograph Epocrates: Loperamide]