Ver el código de «Japanese encephalitis»

==Background==
[[File:Japanese encephalitis distribution.jpg|thumb|Japanese encephalitis geographic distribution]]
*Mosquito-borne flavivirus
*One of the most common causes of [[encephalitis]] globally
*Highly endemic in parts of Asia and the Western Pacific
*Up to 70,000 cases, 15,000 deaths annually
*Usually affects children in endemic areas, as most adults have been exposed and are immune
*Rare in tourists, as the vector ''Culex'' mosquito breeds primarily in rural rice paddies

==Clinical Features==
*5-15 day incubation
*Sudden, high [[fever]]
*[[Headache]]
*Nuchal rigidity and other meningeal signs
*[[Seizure]] (especially in infants)
*Various pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs

==Differential Diagnosis==
*[[SAH]]
*[[Lyme disease]]
*[[Brain abscess]]
*Bacterial [[endocarditis]]
*Toxic / metabolic encephalopathy

{{AMS and fever DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*Usually diagnosed by clinical suspicion
*[[Lumbar puncture]] if any concern for [[HSV]], [[VZV]], or [[bacterial meningitis]]
**Can test CSF for Japanese encephalitis

==Management==
*Supportive
**[[IVF]], [[electrolyte repletion]], antipyretics
**[[Antiepileptics]] for seizures
**Depressed mental status may require intubation for airway protection
*Consider empiric [[acyclovir]] and [[antibiotics]] if HSV or bacterial causes not ruled out

==Disposition==
*Admit all but very mild illness
*Recovery can take months, some deficits may be permanent

==See Also==
*[[Encephalitis]]
*[[Fever in traveler]]

==External Links==

==References==
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[[Category:ID]] [[Category:Neurology]]