Ver el código de «Hypertonic saline»

==Administration==
*Type: Osmotherapy, electrolyte/IVF
*Dosage Forms:
**3% (513mEq/L) 
**5% (856mEq/L)
**23.4% (4000mEq/L)
*Nebulized (as adjunct for [[bronchiolitis]], [[cystic fibrosis]])

==Adult Dosing==
===Symptomatic [[Hyponatremia]]===
*Bolus 100-250mL 3% NS 100cc bolus over 10min; repeat after 10min x1 if no improvement
===[[Elevated ICP]]===
*Most studies used 250 mL bolus of 7.5% HTS with dextran<ref>Holmes, J. Therapeutic uses of Hypertonic Saline in the Critically Ill Emergency Department Patient. EB Medicine 2013</ref>
*Initial 250mL bolus of 3% will reduce ICP and can be delivered through a peripheral line
*Target Na 145-155 meq/dL

==Pediatric Dosing==
*Symptomatic [[hyponatremia]]: 2mL/kg of 3% over 10-60 minutes, repeat of up to 3 times
*[[Elevated ICP]]
**3% NS: 3-10 mL/kg over 10-60 minutes<ref>Kochanek PM, Carney N, Adelson PD, et al. Guidelines for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants, children, and adolescents--second edition. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012;13 Suppl 1:S1-82.</ref>
**Titrate to serum Na 145-150

==Special Populations==
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C
*[[Lactation risk categories|Lactation risk]]: Infant risk minimal
===Renal Dosing===
*Adult:
*Pediatric:
===Hepatic Dosing===
*Adult:
*Pediatric:

==Contraindications==
*Allergy to class/drug
*Hypernatremia
*Chronic hyponatremia
*Severe CHF (theoretical), volume overload

==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
*[[Hypotension]](infusion rate-related)
*Metabolic acidosis
*Hypernatraemia
*Hypokalemia
*Volume overload
*Renal failure
*Coagulopathy
*Phlebitis, tissue necrosis if extravasates (need central line for concentrations >3%
*If Na+ corrected too quickly, central pontine myelinosis, seizure, encephalopathy

===Common===

==Pharmacology==
*Half-life: rapid onset of action (~10min), effect lasts ~1hr
*Metabolism: 
*Excretion: 

==Mechanism of Action==
*Raises serum Na+, osmotherapy

==Comments==


==Indications by Condition==
''The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.''

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==See Also==
*[[Head trauma (main)]], [[Pediatric head trauma]]
*[[Elevated intracranial pressure]]
*[[Hyponatremia]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:FEN]]