Ver el código de «Colorectal cancer»

==Background==
[[File:Diameters of the large intestine.png|thumb|Average inner diameters and ranges of different sections of the large intestine.<ref> Nguyen H, Loustaunau C, Facista A, Ramsey L, Hassounah N, Taylor H, et al. (July 2010). "Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in field defects during progression to colon cancer". Journal of Visualized Experiments (41). doi:10.3791/1931. PMC 3149991. PMID 20689513.</ref>]]
[[File:Rectum anatomy en.png|thumb|Anatomy of the anus and rectum.]]
[[File:Pie chart of colorectal polyp etiologies.png|thumb|Epidemiology of colorectal polyps]]
[[File:Colon cancer 2.jpg|thumb|Colorectal cancer on gross pathology.]]
*Colorectal cancer is extremely common

==Clinical Features==
*Asymptomatic, frequently grow slowly for long period of time before symptomatic
*[[Lower GI bleeding]] (occult or visible BRBPR/hematochezia
*[[Fatigue]], generalized [[weakness]] due to anemia
*Change in bowel habits, [[constipation]], tenesmus in rectal cancer
*[[bowel obstruction|Obstruction]] if mass large enough (left colon > right)
**[[Abdominal pain]]
***Focal pain or [[Peritonitis]] if perforation
*Signs/symptoms of metastatic disease (e.g. [[hepatomegaly]], [[ascites]], [[lymphadenopathy]]) may be initial presentation

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Lower GI bleeding DDX}}
{{LLQ DDX}}
{{Anorectal DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*CBC, [[LFTs]], coags if bleeding or signs of hepatic involvement
*CT abdomen- not definitive but may catch large mass or other alternative diagnoses
*Definitive diagnosis not likely to be made in ED, but suggestion of malignancy may be made on imaging if large mass seen
**Colonoscopy with biopsy
**Serum CEA
**Surgical pathology


==Management==
*Transfuse [[pRBCs]] prn for anemia
*Consult surgery for obstruction or perforation
**May also help coordinate outpatient diagnostic workup

==Disposition==
*Discharge if clinically stable

==See Also==
*[[Anorectal disorders]]

==External Links==
*https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gastrointestinal-disorders/tumors-of-the-gastrointestinal-tract/colorectal-cancer

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:GI]] [[Category:Heme/Onc]]