Ver el código de «Campylobacter jejuni»

==Background==
*[[Gram negative]], non spore forming bacteria
*Commonly found in animal feces
*Caused by oral-fecal transmission
*Associated with [[Guillain-Barre syndrome]] and [[Reactive arthritis|Reiter syndrome]]
*Incubation period of about 2-5 days, with duration of illness around 2-10 days<ref>U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. Campylobacter. https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/campylobacter/index.html</ref>

==Clinical Features==
*Acute diarrheal illness (<3 weeks)
*Severe [[abdominal pain]]
*[[Fever]]
*Bloody/voluminous/purulent stools 
*Systemic illness/symptoms

==Differential Diagnosis==
*Infectious:
**[[Salmonella]]
**[[Shigella]]
**Shiga toxin-producing [[E. coli]]
**[[E. coli]] 0157:H7
**[[Entamoeba histolytica]]
**[[Yersinia]]
**[[Vibrio]]
**[[C. difficile ]]
*Non-infectious:
**[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
**[[GI bleed]]
**[[Adrenal insufficiency]]
**[[Mesenteric ischemia]]
**[[Thyroid storm]]
**[[Toxicologic exposure]]
**[[Radiation syndrome]]

{{Diarrhea DDX}}

==Evaluation==
''Not every patient with fever and diarrhea requires work-up - use clinical judgement''

*Consider work-up for patient with:
**Fever 
**Toxic appearance 
**Diarrhea lasting >3 days
**Blood or pus in stool
**Immunocompromised patients with presumed infectious diarrhea
*Bacterial stool culture
**N.B. - In many labs, stool culture tests for [[Salmonella]], [[Shigella]], and [[Campylobacter]]
*Stool ova and parasites if concern for parasitic infection
*Consider [[C. difficile]] PCR if patient has risk factors

==Management<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/campylobacter/#treat</ref>==
*Fluid resuscitation - oral rehydration therapy preferred 
*Avoid antimotility agents with bloody diarrhea 
*Many recover without antimicrobial therapy
*Antibiotics if severe illness:
**[[Macrolides]] (e.g. [[Azithromycin]])
**[[Fluroquinolones]] (e.g. [[Ciprofloxacin]])
**Note - resistance is becoming prevalent (up to 25% resistance with [[ciprofloxacin]]<ref>CDC. Campylobacter (Campylobacteriosis) - Antibiotic resistance. Last modified October 2, 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/campylobacter/campy-antibiotic-resistance.html</ref>)

==Disposition==
*Most patients can be discharged
*Admit for rehydration in those with severe illness/inability to tolerate PO

==See Also==
*[[Diarrhea]]

==External Links==


==References==
<references/> 

[[Category:ID]]