Ver el código de «Basilar skull fracture»

==Background==
[[File:Cranial bones en.png|thumb|Bones of the cranium.]]
*Involve at least one of five bones that comprise base of the skull <ref> Golfinos JG, Cooper PR. Skull fracture and post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistula. In:Head Injury, 4th, Cooper PR, Golfinos JG (Eds), McGraw-Hill, New York 2000. p.155 </ref>
**cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
**orbital plate of the frontal bone
**petrous and squamous portion of the temporal bone
**sphenoid and occipital bones
*Occur most commonly through temporal bone--> high risk for extra-axial hematomas, particularly [[epidural hematoma]]

==Clinical Features==
[[File:Bilateral periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes).jpg|thumb|Raccoon eyes]]
*[[Nausea/vomiting]], oculomotor deficits from [[cranial nerve palsies|injuries]] to CN3, 4 or 6
*Retroauricular or mastoid ecchymosis (Battle sign), onset 1-3 days after fracture occurred
*Raccoon eyes: periorbital ecchymosis
*Clear [[rhinorrhea]] or otorrhea
**"halo" sign: drop of fluid placed on tissue or filter paper, rapidly expanding ring of clear fluid around red blood defines positive test
**CSF distinguished from local nasal secretions with presence of beta-trace protein or beta-2 transferrin
*Hemotympanum

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Head trauma DDX}}
{{Maxillofacial trauma DDX}}

==Evaluation==
[[File:Tempbonefract.png|thumb|Temporal bone fracture as seen on CT.]]
[[File:BasSkullFracMark.png|thumb|CT showing basilar skull fracture]]
*Noncontrast CT head

==Management==
*Immediate neurosurgical consultation

==Disposition==
*Admit for observation regardless of need for surgical intervention

==See Also==
*[[Skull Fracture]]

==External Links==
*Pillai, Saran S. Basilar Skull Fracture: Basics & Beyond available at http://www.emdocs.net/basilar-skull-fracture-basics-beyond/

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Trauma]]