Ver el código de «Avascular necrosis»

==Background==
*Also called osteonecrosis, ischemic necrosis, bone infarction
*Interruption in vascular supply leads to death of osteocytes and marrow, necrosis, and (eventually) collapse of dead segment

===Causes/Risk factors===
====Nontraumatic====
*[[Sickle cell disease]]
*Exogenous [[corticosteroids]], Cushing's disease
*[[Collagen vascular disease]] (e.g. [[SLE]])
*Chronic kidney disease (renal osteodystrophy), post-renal transplant
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*Radiation therapy
*[[HIV]]
*Caisson Disease (aka dysbarism)
*[[Legg-Calve-Perthes disease]]
*[[Slipped capital femoral epiphysis]] (may be atraumatic or minor trauma)
*Idiopathic

====Traumatic====
*[[Hip dislocation]]
**High risk if not reduced within 6h
*[[Femoral neck fracture]]
*Major [[talus fracture]] (talar head/neck)
*[[Navicular fracture]] (central part of bone is avascular)
*[[Proximal humerus fracture]]
**Risk factors: 4 part fractures, head split, short calcar segments, disrupted medial hinge
*[[Elbow diagnoses|Elbow fractures]]
**Trochlear fracture
**[[Lateral epicondyle fracture (peds)|Lateral]] or [[Medial epicondyle fracture (peds)|medial epicondyle fracture]]
*[[Lunate fracture]], [[Capitate fracture]]

==Clinical Features==
*Depends on cause and location

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Sickle cell DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*Plain films generally first step
*Further evaluation depends on cause/location

==Management==
*Ortho consult
*Usually [[Splinting|splint]], non-weightbearing

==Disposition==

==See Also==
*[[Avascular necrosis of hip]]

==External Links==

==References==
<references/>

[[Category: Orthopedics]]