Ver el código de «Aplastic anemia»

==Background==
*Absence or decreased number of hematopoietic precursor cells → [[pancytopenia]] ([[anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], neutropenia)
*Causes:
**Drug-induced ([[chloramphenicol]], [[carbamazepine]], [[valproic acid]], [[phenytoin]])
**Viral infection ([[parvovirus B19]], [[HIV]], [[viral hepatitis|hepatitis]]), especially in patients with [[sickle cell disease]] or immunocompromise
**Autoimmune
**Congenital (Fanconi anemia)

==Clinical Features==
*[[Anemia]]
**[[Weakness]], [[fatigue]], [[dyspnea]]
*[[Thrombocytopenia]]
**Mucosal bleeding, [[petechiae]]
*[[Neutropenia]]
**Recurrent [[neutropenic fever|infections]], [[fever]]

==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
===Pancytopenia Causes===
*[[Acute leukemia]]
*[[Myelodysplastic syndrome]], [[myelofibrosis]]
*[[Aplastic anemia]]
*Infiltrative disease (e.g. [[lymphoma]], [[multiple myeloma]], metastatic carcinoma)
*[[Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria]]
*Drugs/treatments (*drugs more commonly associated with pancytopenia)
**Bone marrow irradiation*
**Chemotherapy*(especially anthracyclines, [[methotrexate]])
**Anti-inflammatories ([[rituximab]]*, sulfasalazine*, [[colchicine]], [[azathioprine]], [[methotrexate]])
**Antimicrobials ([[chloramphenicol]], [[ganciclovir]], [[penicillin G]]*, [[dapsone]]*, [[quinine]]
**Thiomides ([[propylthiouracil]]*, [[methimazole]]*, carbimazole)
**[[Antipsychotics]] ([[clozapine]]*, [[olanzapine]]
**[[Procainamide]]*
**[[Cyclophosphamide]]
**[[Antiepileptics]] ([[phenytoin], [[carbamazepine]], [[phenobarbital]])
*Infection
**[[Tuberculosis]] 
**[[AIDS]]
**[[Leishmaniasis]], [[brucellosis]], [[histoplasmosis]]. 
**Viruses causing [[aplastic anemia]] ([[viral hepatitis]], [[Epstein-Barr virus]], [[HIV]], [[parvovirus B19]])
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*Hypersplenism
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]

==Evaluation==
*CBC: pancytopenia
*Reticulocyte count: reduced or absent
*Peripheral smear

==Management==
*Transfuse [[PRBCs]]/[[platelets]] as needed for severe anemia/thrombocytopenia
*[[antibiotics|Antimicrobials]] if febrile and neutropenic

==Disposition==
*Generally admit

==See Also==
*[[Aplastic Crisis]]

==External Links==

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Heme/Onc]]