Ver el código de «Anemia of spaceflight»

==Background==
The anemia of space flight (1% Hb loss per day)<ref>Leach CS, Johnson PC. Influence of spaceflight on erythrokinetics in man. Science. 1984;225(4658):216-218.</ref><ref>Udden MM, Driscoll TB, Pickett MH, Leach-Huntoon CS, Alfrey CP. Decreased production of red blood cells in human subjects exposed to microgravity. J Lab Clin Med. 1995;125(4):442-449.</ref><ref>Alfrey CP, Udden MM, Leach-Huntoon C, Driscoll T, Pickett MH. Control of red blood cell mass in spaceflight. J Appl Physiol. 1996; 81(1):98-104.</ref> It was first described in relation to the Gemini astronauts.<ref> Fischer CL, Johnson PC, Berry CA. Red blood cell mass and plasma volume changes in manned space flight. JAMA. 1967;200(7): 579-583.</ref>
*Reports describe from 10% to 15% of Hb decrease from preflight levels within 10 to 14 days of space flight<ref>LeBlanc A, Schneider V, Shackelford L, et al. Bone mineral and lean tissue loss after long duration space flight. J Musculoskel Neuron Interact 2000; 1(2):157–160</ref><ref>Lang T, LeBlanc A, Evans H, Lu Y, Genant H, Yu A. Cortical and trabecular bone mineral loss from the spine and hip in long duration spaceflight. J Bone Miner Res 2004; 19(6):1006–1012.</ref>

The Anemia may develop due to one or more of the following processes:<ref>
3. Udden MM, Driscoll TB, Pickett MH, Leach-Huntoon CS, Alfrey CP. Decreased production of red blood cells in human subjects exposed to microgravity. J Lab Clin Med. 1995;125(4):442-449.</ref><ref>Tavassoli M. Anemia of spaceflight. Blood. 1982;60(5):1059-1067.</ref>
*Poor erythrocyte production or marrow dysfunction
*Fluid Shifts
**Fluid distributes to a greater extent in the upper body and this distends the carotid and aortic baroreceptors giving the false signal of "volume overload"<ref>Iwase S., Nishimura N., Tanaka K., Mano T. (2020). “Effects of microgravity on human physiology,” in Beyond LEO - human health issues for deep space exploration. Editor Reynolds R. J. (London, UK: Intech Open; ), 1–22. 10.5772/intechopen.90700</ref>
*Low EPO levels
*Abnormally-shaped erythrocytes
*Splenic sequestration 
*Shortened RBC lifespan.

==Clinical Features==
{{Anemia clinical features}}

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Space medicine}}
{{Anemia DDX}}

==Evaluation==
*Upon return to earth, compensatory fluid shifts may temporarily exacerbate anemia via dilution.<ref>Leach, C. S. & Johnson, P. C. Influence of spaceflight on erythrokinetics in man. Science 225, 216–218 (1984).</ref>
===Workup===
*CBC
===Diagnosis===

==Management==


==See Also==
*[[Space medicine]]

==External Links==


==References==
<references/>

[[Category: Space Medicine]]