Ver el código de «Radiation risk from medical imaging»

==Background==
*Around 1.5-2.0% of the cancers diagnosed annually in the United States could be related to medial imaging<ref>Lin EC. Radiation Risk From Medical Imaging. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Dec; 85(12): 1142–1146. doi: 10.4065/mcp.2010.0260</ref>
*Specific subsets of patients may be at greater risk from radiation exposure, and radiation risk should be considered carefully in these patients. <ref>Lin EC. Radiation Risk From Medical Imaging. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Dec; 85(12): 1142–1146. doi: 10.4065/mcp.2010.0260</ref>
*The typical lag period between radiation exposure and cancer diagnosis is 1-2 decades or longer, thus radiation exposure reduction is less important in the elderly<ref>Lin EC. Radiation Risk From Medical Imaging. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Dec; 85(12): 1142–1146. doi: 10.4065/mcp.2010.0260</ref>

==Tests and Radiation Amounts==
*1 millisievert (mSv) = 0.1 rad (rd) = 1 millirem (mrem)                       
*1 mSv is the dose received when exposed to 1 milligray (mG)                                                       
{| class="wikitable" 
|-
!Procedure
!Radiation Dose (mSv)
!Additional Cancer Risk
! 
|-
! 
! 
!Male
!Female
|-
|'''Comparison Doses'''
| 
| 
| 
|-
|Natural background exposure
|3 mSv/year<ref>Lin EC. Radiation Risk From Medical Imaging. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Dec; 85(12): 1142–1146. doi: 10.4065/mcp.2010.0260</ref>
| 
| 
|-
|7-hour Airline Flight
|0.02
| 
| 
|-
|'''Plain Radiograph'''
| 
| 
| 
|-
|Chest x-ray (2-views)
|0.1
|1 in 197,628
|1 in 147,929
|-
|Pelvis x-ray
|0.6
|1 in 32,960
|1 in 24,655
|-
|Neck x-ray
|0.2
|1 in 98,912
|1 in 73,964
|-
|L-spine x-ray
|1.5
|1 in 13,184
|1 in 9,863
|-
|Extremity x-ray
|0.001
|1 in 20,000,000
|1 in 14,285,714
|-
|'''Computed Tomography'''
| 
| 
| 
|-
|CT head
|2
|1 in 9,887
|1 in 7,397
|-
|CT neck
|6
|1 in 3,296
|1 in 2,466
|-
|CT L-spine
|5.6
|1 in 3,531
|1 in 2,642
|-
|CT Pulmonary Angiography
|15
|1 in 1,318
|1 in 986
|-
|CT Abdomen, Pelvis
|14
|1 in 1,413
|1 in 1,057
|-
|CT Chest, Abdomen, Pelvis
|21
|1 in 942
|1 in 704
|}

==Pregnancy==
*Greatest risk of harm during organogenesis (3-8 WGA)
*IV contrast not teratogenic (class B)
*PO contrast not absorbed = no risk

===Exposure Risk===
*<5,000 mrads = safe
*~10,000 mrads = small risk childhood cancer
*~15,000^ mrads = 6% chance intellectual disability
*<3% chance childhood cancer

^Considered max
 
Always use shield when possible

==See Also==
*[[Radiation exposure (disaster)]]
*[[Acute Radiation Syndrome]]

==External Links==
*http://www.xrayrisk.com/

==References==
<References/>

[[Category:Radiology]]