Ver el código de «Lidocaine»

''See [[critical care quick reference]] for drug doses by weight.''

==General==
*Type: [[Local anesthetics]]; [[Antiarrhythmics]]
*Dosage Forms:
*Common Trade Names: 

==Adult Dosing==
===[[Local anesthetics|Local Anesthetic]]===
*Without epinepherine: 5mg/kg (max 300mg)
*With epinepherine: 7mg/kg (max 500mg)

===[[Arrythmia|Antiarrhythmic]]===
*Loading dose = 1-1.5mg/kg
**Additional boluses of 0.5-0.75mg/kg q5-10min up to max of 3mg/kg
**If effective start infusion of 2mg/min
*Indications
**Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias and ectopy
***Considered 2nd-line to [[amiodarone]] for treatment of [[V-fib]] and [[pulseless v-tach]]

==Pediatric Dosing==
===[[Local anesthetics|Local Anesthetic]]===
*Without epinepherine: 5mg/kg (max 300mg)
*With epinepherine: 7mg/kg (max 500mg)

===[[Arrythmia|Antiarrhythmic]]===
''See [[critical care quick reference]] for drug doses by weight.''

==Special Populations==
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]:
*Lactation:
*Renal Dosing
**Adult
**Pediatric
*Hepatic Dosing
**Adult
**Pediatric

==Contraindications==
*Allergy to class/drug or agents with same chemical classification (amide/ester)
*High SA or AV block

==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
*[[Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST)]]

===Systemic Toxicity===
*Rare during infiltration of local anesthetic 
*CNS toxicity 
**Metallic taste, tinnitus, tingling of lips, dizziness, anxiety, confusion, lethargy, loss of consciousness, seizures 
*Cardiovascular toxicity 
**Bradycardia, decreased myocardial contractility, atrioventricular block, vasodilation, ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac arrest

==Pharmacology==
*Half-life: 
**Onset of action = 45-90s
**Duration of action = 10-20min (antiarrythmic IV); 30-90 min (subcutaneous)
*Metabolism: 
*Excretion: 
*Mechanism of Action:
**Class Ib antiarrythmic
***Binds to fast Na channels in inactive state thereby inhibiting recovery after repolarization
***Acts preferentially on ischemic tissue
****Elevates V-fib threshold
****Suppresses ventricular ectopy
**Little effect on vascular tone, contractility or cardiac output

==Comments==
*For wounds, may use HCO3 (1cc to 10cc Lido) to decrease pain 
*Inject through wound edges NOT intact skin

==See Also==
*[[Local anesthetic systemic toxicity]]
*[[Critical care quick reference]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Toxicology]]